Port Reference
Common network ports and their services
Common Ports Reference
Port Ranges
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Network Port Directory
In computer networking, a port is a communication endpoint. Like a specific apartment number in a building, an IP address identifies the computer, and the port number identifies the specific application or service on that computer. This reference helps you identify common ports used by standard services.
Port Categories
- 0-1023 Well-Known PortsReserved for system services (HTTP, FTP, SSH). On Unix-like systems, these require root privileges to bind.
- 1024-49151 Registered PortsAssigned by IANA to specific services (MySQL, Minecraft) but can be used by ordinary users.
- 49152-65535 Dynamic PortsEphemeral ports used for temporary client-side connections.
Security Critical Ports
- 23 Telnet (Unsafe): Transmits data in plain text. Never use this over the internet; use SSH (22) instead.
- 21 FTP (Unsafe): Also sends credentials in plain text. Prefer SFTP (uses SSH, port 22) or FTPS.
- 3389 RDP (Remote Desktop): A frequent target for brute-force attacks. Always keep this behind a VPN or firewall.
Protocol Types: TCP vs UDP
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)
Reliable, connection-oriented. Ensures data arrives in order.
UDP (User Datagram Protocol)
Fast, connectionless. No guarantee of delivery.
Frequently Asked Questions
How do I check open ports on my computer? ▼
You can use correct command line tools:
- Windows:
netstat -an | findstr LISTENING - Mac/Linux:
lsof -i -P -n | grep LISTEN